Peptic ulcers are sores that develop in the lining of the stomach, lower esophagus, or small intestine. They’re usually formed as a result of inflammation as well as from erosion from stomach acids. Peptic ulcers are a fairly common health problem.
There are three types of peptic ulcers:
- gastric ulcers: ulcers that develop inside the stomach
- esophageal ulcers: ulcers that develop inside the esophagus
- duodenal ulcers: ulcers that develop in the upper section of the small intestines, called the duodenum
Predisposing Factors
- Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a type of bacteria that can cause a stomach infection and inflammation
- Frequent use of aspirin and other antiinflammatory drugs (risk associated with this behavior increases in women and people over the age of 60)
- Smoking
- drinking too much alcohol
- Radiation therapy
- stomach cancer
Peptic ulcer It might be asymptomatic (No S & S)
Other common signs of a peptic ulcer include:
- Changes in appetite
- Nausea
- Bloody or dark stools
- unexplained weight loss
- Indigestion
- Vomiting
- Chest pain
Peptic Ulcer Complications
- Perforation: A hole develops in the lining of the stomach or small intestine and causes an infection. A sign of a perforated ulcer is sudden, severe abdominal pain.
- Internal bleeding: Bleeding ulcers can result in significant blood loss and thus require hospitalization. Signs of a bleeding ulcer include lightheadedness, dizziness, and black stools.
- Scar tissue: This is thick tissue that develops after an injury. This tissue makes it difficult for food to pass through your digestive tract. Signs of scar tissue include vomiting and weight loss.
Peptic Ulcer Diagnosis
- Laboratory tests for H. pylori.
- Endoscopy.
- Upper gastrointestinal series.
Peptic Ulcer Management
- Antibiotic medications to kill H. pylori.
- Medications that block acid production and promote healing.
- Medications to reduce acid production. Acid blockers — also called histamine (H-2) blockers
- Antacids that neutralize stomach acid.
- Medications that protect the lining of your stomach and small intestine.
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